The state of Ihram, a sacred condition that a Muslim must enter in order to perform the Hajj or Umrah pilgrimage, comes with specific restrictions designed to demonstrate humility and dependence on the Almighty. These rules are meant to equalize all pilgrims, stripping away worldly distractions and focusing on spiritual devotion.
Both men and women in Ihram must abstain from sexual relations, avoid finalizing any marriage contracts, refrain from hunting, and not use perfume. They are also prohibited from cutting their hair or nails. These rules underscore the pilgrims' commitment to forsaking earthly pleasures and maintaining purity during their pilgrimage.
For men, Ihram has additional prohibitions. They cannot cover their heads with items like hats or turbans, nor can they wear stitched clothing such as shirts, trousers, or full shoes. This is to foster a sense of simplicity and detachment from material possessions.
Women, on the other hand, are generally not allowed to cover their faces with a niqab or wear gloves, although exceptions are made if they fear temptation or harassment from men they are not closely related to (non-mahram).
Despite these restrictions, pilgrims are permitted certain practicalities. They can bathe, wear accessories like glasses, rings, and watches, and use plasters or bandages for injuries. Carrying a belt or wallet, using an umbrella for protection from the elements, and wearing open shoes are also allowed. Women may cover their faces in specific circumstances where they feel at risk of temptation. These allowances ensure that while pilgrims are in a state of devotion, they can still attend to basic needs and personal safety.